Alternating-current electrical measuring instrument.



N0- 824,696. PATBNTED JUN'E26,1906.

' E.B.LEHR.Y

- ALTERNATING CURRENT ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1904.

I z sums-sum 1.

No. 824,696. I PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906. B. B. LEHR. ALTERNATING CURRENTELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 190 4.

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- |VENT0R Mam 7 BY 7 M5 5 "rent Electrical Measuring which the followingthe meter.

'struct-ion and accurate in operation and the UhliThD tairiiilE Pi i' iltllhl i EDWIN LEHR, 01% WlLlilNS-BURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TOWESlTI'bIGHOUSl) ELEJTRLC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A (.jORPURAiiTlON {2FPENNSYLVANIA.

ALTEFiNATlNG GUfifiENT ELECT Specification of Letters Patent. EatenterlJune 26,1906. 21,1903, Serial No. 182,166. Divided and this applicationfiled June 24,1904. Serial No 214,968.

i -Cit. EiilEASUFliNG ENSTRUMENT.

N0. 824,696. Original application filed November embodying my invention,parts of the casing being broken away. Fig. 2 is a view,-, partially inelevation and partially in section, of the instrument shown in Fig. 1.Figsv 3 and 4 are dia rammatic views of suitable forms of cores an,coils of modified construction.

Iteferrin first to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings, t 1e instrument 1comprises a suitable casing 2, havin external binding-posts 3 and agraduated ial-plate 4:, all of which may be in substantial accordancewith the usual practice. Mounted within the casing upon suitablesupports is a laminated. iron core 5, comprising two annular andapproxi- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, EDWIN E. Lane, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of \Vilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and- State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inAlternating-Curinstruments, of is a specification, this applicationbeing a division of my application, Serial No. 182,166, filed November21, 1903.

My invention rel ates to alternating-current electrical measuringinstruments, and particularly to instruments of this general class whichare employed for indicating the virtual value of the voltage in anygiven circuit as distinguished from instruments which are employed forregistering or recording the integrated current or energy traversing agiven circuit during a specific interval of time.

7 'l he object of my invention is to provide an instrument of thecharacter indicated which is simple, compact, and inexpensive in.conconnected at one side by a substantiallyradial portion 8. Upon one ofthese three portions is mounted a stationary coil 9, comprising a largenumber of turns of fine wire, the terminals of which are connectedacross the circuit. the volta e of which is to be measured. In Figs. 1an 2 I have shown the coil 9' as mounted upon the outer portion 6 andadjacent to the portion 8 of the core, and in Fig. 3 I have shown thecoil as mounted upon the radial portion 8.

Supported in suitable bearings 10 and 11 at the center of the core 5 isa shaft or spindle 12, upon the outer end of which is mounted a hand orpointer 13 of such length and so loindicating member of which shall havea lar e arc of movement over a uniform scale; K further object of myinvention is to provide an instrument which is adapted to accuratelyindicate the voltage in. any alternating-current circuit to which it isproperly connected irrespective of wave form and he quency ofalternations. scale 4 to properly indicate the voltage of the Theinstrument of my invention comprises, l circuit to which the instrumentis connected. primarily, a magnetic circuitone portion of '1 he shaft orspindle 12 is also provided with which is in the form of a magnetizableringan arm 14, one end of which supports a coil core that may advisedlybe protided with a l 15 and. the other end of which is provided.suitable air-gap to reduce the inductance of l with a suitablecounterweight 14*. As shown it further comprises two 'relain Fi s. 1, 2,and 3, the coil 15 loosely sur-- tively high-resistancemagnetizing-coils for rounos the outer annular portion 6 of the themagnetic circuit, one of which is stationcore and is connected in serieswith the coi 9. ary, while the other is rotatably mounted Asillustrated. in Figs. 1 and '2, this series 0011 upon an axis coincidentwith that of the annection 1s eiiected by means of and through nularcore portion which it encircles. The two spiral springs 16 and 17, theinner ends of two coils are connected in series, so thatthe which arerespectively connected to collars fluxes induced in their common coreare opposed, thereby causingthe movablecoil to be repelled, and if aconvenient returning force, such as that of a spiral spring, is appliedthe angle of separation which occurs when the coils are connected acrossan alternating-cur rent-supply line will be in proportion t e voltageapplied.

Figure 1 is a face view or spindle 12 and are msulated-therefrorr. bymeans of a sleeve 20. The res ective terminals of the coil 15 areconnecter. to the sleeves 18 and 1.9, and the outer ends of the springs16 and 17 are respectively connected to one terminal of the coil 9 andto one of the binding-posts 3, the other terminal of the coil 9 of aninstrument i being connected to the other binding-post 3,

mately concentric portions 6 and 7 which are cated as to cooperate withthe graduated- 18 and 19, that are mounted upon. the shaft 10 provide ama and we in that I rounder i core in wh'ch portmns to qemzit 0f the 11:;

tizm A o Videfi 1w Fifi exerted by in I ptmgs hemg 0.210

tionztr vand the 1 20 Figs. 1 and 2, tbs i and connection b13 01 tested3}; means of av 01 Contact wi h the colisu 18, th and. the spring 1raging utilized 5 indicated in Fig. ,c0i1s set up a 1n agnstic flux. t1meeting core portlm acrosm tbs; long aix geu i between and 6 and throughthe ring 6.

(In 4 l have show a, modified form 01" the two substantia ily annularand 8E9 eccentricalty with refm'eme to each other in order to pr0- penthem whish shall be of 3 5 suchw'arying dimensions frbm' end ta and of=1 utfifform Ey-d it"i r} ed sea 9. In this figure I hfitmilsO shown.movatie coil 153w surround (3017i, and 31w +3111 at a am-in t estationary which 1' in, Fig. '-z l-1"$.t})6, than vliaish c4 field Whigap in hangth.

iplained the d the radial. portion J coil 9 ma'unted.

In enter to ShORV that the action of the metel' will be such isi'nerinbefoz'e.

45 the .JPYLEJCZIUHH law to the attes:

l'imvmg N simii t 1%; no 1mg :1 vably nmuntmg; one 0011 t y it). Nahh:

pening farce. 1 and 3 0? t pmver of the v divisions leng- In Fig 4 1have Shawn th 1- having no circa and white netwten fla (0i in. Whisk cae the glifitanfi dependent upon :1 ramming- :spzrmg 0'1 other'simihunpposing device and 1 7 be substantially pmpoi'tional t0 the re- Thisresuit is cfi'ected. in Figs. auwmpanyingdrawings by U-.-+hapt. d mztguuXe: agneuzmg -mii at the curve fifth? i a "h is of constant length.

of murse be understood that the fact il gap 0 the two TlGEkC-KZCHN]relation,

is in: material 'unr-zquai length.

wt 15 18112415 mtleslrable to hava thee vzslons on an electrical m winginstrument 1n ately equaland this rest-1 I the magntwtizable COW,

magnet-is field, of firm-Wings, inste: by 0b gaining a Vt'iitlb e atpredlwes, a,

use of separation hetwea'n the movable, and statlmmry (3027s is 1111MB0? the cuz'rfent K's-t power of the cui'ment, so n'og'mrtionttl to thefirst a applied, mid t1 Wiil than be 01? iil'LhEt'tL-Hti? six 1m, ma 7 t1 0 utxhze my mventm: *Ell mtimm iliuspita-duct: the mace ht; (011m and8. Palm lations existing between the resistance, the reaction, and theimpedance. If the resistance and reactance are represented by the twoshort sides of a right triangle, the impe-' dance is represented by thehypotenuse. If

readings on the dial by reason of frequencyvariations Wlll be reduced toa minimum by inserting a large non-inductive resistance in series withthe coils.

It is conceivable that variations in form, dimensions, and relative.location of parts other than those indicated in the drawings andhereinbefore referred to may be devised and successfully utilized withinthe scope ol my invention, and I therefore desire it to be understoodthat all such variations which do not change the mode of operation orresult are to be considered as pertaining to themvention..

I claim as my invention 7 1 An electrical measuringinstrument comprisinga magnetizable core having two approximately annular portions in one ofwhich i there is an airap, one being located within the other and thetwo being mined by means of a substantially radial portion, a stationarywinding on said core and a movable eoilsurrounding the annular portionwhich is provided with the air-gap. I,

2. An electrical measuring instrument comprising a laminatedmagnetizable core composed of two approximately annular portions, onewithin the other, and joined by means of a substantially radial ortion,a

stationary winding on a portion 0 said core and a movable coil in serieswith said stationary winding and surrounding one of the annular portionsof the core.

3. In an electrical measuring instrument, the combination with amagnetizable core comprising two approximately annular-portions one ofwhich has an airagap, and 'a substantiall having the air-gap and meansfor maintaini third substantially radial portion joining said annularportions, of a movable coil surroundmg the core portion having theair-gap.

4. Inan electrical measuring instrument, the combination with amagnetizable core comprising two approximately annular, concentricportionr. one of which has an air-gap, and a substantially radialportion joining said annular portions, of a movable coil sur roundingthe core portion having the air-gap.

5. In an electrical measuring instrun'ient, the combination with a corecomprising 'two substantially concentric portions one of which has anair-gap, and a substantially mdial por tion, of a stationary coilmounted uponone of said portions and a movable coil surrounding the coreportion having the air-gap and provided with an indicating device.

6. In an electrical measuring instrument, the combination witlra corecomprising two substantially annular, concentric portions one of whichhas an air-gap, and an approximately radial portion, of a stationarycoil on said radial portion and a movi-tble coil surrounding the coreportion that is provided with the air-gap.

- 7. In an electrical measuring instrument,

the combination with a core comprising two annular, concentric portionsone of whic 1 has an air-gap, and a substantially radial -portion, of a4 stationary coil mounted'upon one of said core portions, anindicating-coil surrounding the core portion fl a series connectionbetween said coils.

8. In an electrical measuring instrument, the combination with a corecomprising two a 'roximatel concentric annular portions one of which hasan airap, and a substantially -radial' portion, 0 a stationary coilmounted upon one of said core portions, a movable coil surrounding thecore portion having the air-gap, means for supporting said coil, meansfor opposing'the movement of said coil and maintaining a seriesconnection be tween it and the stationary coil, and means for indicatingthe degree of movement of said movable coil. v

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed myname this 6th day ofJuly, 1905.

. nnwnv a. LEHR.

